"Be prepared" isn't just a motto for Scouts—plumbers know all too well that it pays to have a plan for every worst-case scenario. Before you begin what may seem like a simple drain replacement, brush up on the possible challenges and equip yourself appropriately so you won't be left without a working shower for more than an afternoon.
Updated on Feb 10, 2021 4:55 PM EST
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This article has been brought to you by SupplyHouse.com. Its facts and opinions are those of BobVila.com.
Replacing a shower drain isn’t usually a difficult task, but it always pays to be prepared for complications before you start the job, especially as every project is different. While it should take just a couple of hours to replace a drain in a preformed shower base, you’ll want to allow yourself additional time and a flexible toolbox.
“As the age of the shower increases, so does the likelihood of problems during installation,” says Daniel O’Brian, the technical expert for leading online plumbing retailer SupplyHouse.com. Over time, older metal drains can corrode, making them very difficult to remove, and you can even run into problems with installations in newer showers if access to the drain is restricted. No matter what challenges you face, the following tips will help the project go a little more easily.
The majority of shower drainpipes are two inches in diameter, but if you have two-inch drains and you run into a three-inch drainpipe, you’ll be making another trip to the plumbing supply store. “Always check with local codes,” O’Brian suggests. “The larger drain size minimizes the chance of a shower overflowing.” And if you keep a supply of size-adaptable shower drains on hand, such as the Oatey 2-Inch or 3-Inch PVC Shower Drain (available from SupplyHouse), the size discrepancy won’t slow you down at all. This weld-type drain fits either a two- or three-inch drainpipe. With a two-inch drainpipe, the body of the drain fits over the pipe; with a three-inch pipe, it fits inside. If your home has three-inch drainpipes, it pays to pick up a box of size-adaptable drains to have on hand.
In most cases, you won’t be able to avoid cutting through the ceiling below the shower to gain access. “If a leak is present, you’ll probably have to replace the drywall on the ceiling below as well as the drain, and you should take care of it as soon as possible to minimize damage,” O’Brian says. Drywall replacement is a relatively simple home repair project, so cutting a hole in the ceiling shouldn’t be a major concern. Alternatively, you can cover the hole with a return-air grill that can be easily removed if you need to access the plumbing at a future date.
The only time you won’t need to cut through the ceiling below the shower is when you’re replacing both the drain and the shower base. In that case, start by pulling out the old shower pan and removing the old drain. Then, connect the body of the new drain to the new shower base, and set the shower base in place according to the manufacturer’s specifications. Be warned: Balancing the shower base while you align the drain body over the pipe will almost certainly require the help of an additional person.
The best type of drain for this situation is often called a “compression,” or “friction,” drain, such as this Oatey 2-Inch PVC No-Calk Shower Drain (available at SupplyHouse), which features a rubber gasket inside the drain body. Remove the gasket before the shower base is set. After the shower base is set, lubricate the gasket with plumber’s soap and slide it into place between the drain body and the pipe. Tighten the compression nut inside the drain body with a screwdriver to seal the connection, then snap the strainer into place. Being able to remove the gasket before you set the shower base gives you a little more room to maneuver—remember, you’re balancing the shower base while you’re trying to fit the connected drain body over the pipe in the floor.
It doesn’t happen often, but occasionally when you cut through the ceiling below the shower you find wiring or pipes that prevent you from getting your water pump pliers firmly on the nut that connects the drain to the pipe. (These additional wires, pipes, and even ductwork would have been added after the shower was installed.) If you can’t find a way to remove the nut or reach the pipe to cut it below the drain, you may end up having to pull the shower base out so you can access the drain from the top. Then, just like that, what should have been a simple drain replacement turns into a major project.
While you may be stuck with this unanticipated problem, you can prevent it from happening in the future by installing an outer locknut-style drain, such as the Sioux Chief 2-Inch JackRabbit Shower Drain (available at SupplyHouse).
Unlike standard drains that solvent weld or attach with a nut, the JackRabbit drain attaches via four jacking screws from below. (It’s usually much easier to get a screwdriver in a tight spot where bulky water pump pliers won’t fit.) The drain body features a push-on compression gasket that attaches to the drainpipe without the need for caulking. After the shower base is set, tighten the jacking screws from below to suck the flange downward until it seals against the shower floor.
Whenever you’re installing a shower drain with welded connections, you have to cut the drainpipe to remove the old drain. While this is necessary, it leaves you with a shortened drainpipe that you’ll need to extend before you can install the new drain. Trying to extend the pipe while you’re working overhead in a tight space is both time-consuming and physically challenging, so it’s often quicker (and simpler) just to cut out the entire drain trap and replace it. To install another weld-type drain, such as this 2-Inch Sioux Chief PVC Drain (available at SupplyHouse), you’ll want to assemble and dry fit all the connections before you glue them together. Be sure the angle of fall on the horizontal drain pipe remains the standard ¼ inch per linear foot.
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Installing a new drain in a tiled shower is another scenario that often necessitates replacing the entire shower floor. Tiled showers rest on a mortar bed laid over a waterproof membrane (such as the Oatey 5’ x 6’ PVC Shower Pan Liner, available at SupplyHouse) that’s installed over yet another mortar bed. Because of this construction, a cemented-in shower drain cannot be replaced unless the tiles and the mortar around it are also removed and then reconstructed.
Tiled showers offer another complication: Because grout can crack, it’s important to have a backup plan to catch any water that might leak through. For that reason, shower drains designed for installation in tiled showers should have weep holes in their middle section to direct any water that reaches the membrane into the shower drain. These applications require a drain that has weep holes, such as the Oatey 2-Inch or 3-Inch PVC Shower Drain (available at SupplyHouse). To install, attach the base of the three-part drain to the drainpipe before the first mortar bed is smoothed into place. Then, install the membrane over the mortar bed (and over the drain base) and cut out a section over the drain hole in order to attach the center part of the drain, on which the weep holes are located. Make sure the section with the weep holes does not get clogged with mortar. To ensure that water will be able to flow through the weep holes, place several handfuls of pea gravel around the base of the exposed drain to protect it from the next layer of mortar. If you take these precautions, once the shower floor has been tiled, any water that makes its way to the membrane will exit through the weep holes and down the drain rather than leak out elsewhere.
Glenda Taylor is a BobVila.com staff writer with a background in the residential remodeling, home building, and home improvement industries. She started writing for BobVila.com in 2016 and covers a range of topics, including construction methods, code compliance, tool use, and the latest news in the housing and real estate industries.
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Bob Vila is America's Handyman. As a TV host, author, spokesperson, builder and historic preservationist, he has been heavily involved in construction and remodeling for the better part of a half century.
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